THE CONTENT AND EVALUATION CRITERIA OF EVIDENCE IN RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33184/pravgos-2026.1.17Keywords:
evidence, proving, evidence evaluation, cognition, preliminary investigation, trial, criminal procedureAbstract
The evaluation of evidence is one of the most crucial areas of activity for investigative bodies and courts in criminal proceedings. However, the rules for such evaluation are not always embodied in legal norms. This deficiency is reflected in law enforcement practice. The purpose is to reveal the problem of normative regulation of evidence evaluation in Russian criminal procedure legislation and to propose solutions. Methods: The materials from criminal cases and statistical data are used for the preparation of this article, as well as the following methods: historical-legal (in analyzing the genesis of the norms regarding evidence evaluation); comparative-legal (for comparing the provisions dedicated to evidence evaluation in national and foreign legislation); formal-legal (for interpreting the norms regarding evidence evaluation); and other methods of scientific research. Results: the article proposes to introduce a new criterion for evaluating evidence – namely, independence, which, together with the principle of freedom of evidence evaluation and judicial independence, will contribute to an objective, complete and comprehensive evidence evaluation. The author argues that the evaluation of evidence is important for the entire process of preliminary investigation and judicial review in criminal cases. The practical and theoretical problems associated with this evaluation indicate the need to develop regulatory rules for assessing evidence. These rules should be codified in a separate article of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, consolidating all requirements for evidence evaluation.
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